Main TopicsWhat affects the rate of transcription?
Table of Contents
- What affects the rate of transcription?
- What three factors maximize the rate of transcription?
- What protein increases the rate of transcription?
- Are enhancers involved in increasing the rate of transcription?
- Is DNA directly involved in transcription?
- What event is indicative of transcription initiation?
- What are the two main steps in gene expression?
- What triggers transcription?
- Is p53 a transcription factor?
- What are the relative rates of transcription and translation?
- Which is faster, transcription or translation in bacteria?
- How are transcriptional enhancers and repressors related to each other?
- How are transcription and translation of the same gene synchronize?
What affects the rate of transcription?
The number of transcription factors found within an organism increases with genome size, and larger genomes tend to have more transcription factors per gene.
What three factors maximize the rate of transcription?
Some transcription factors (called activators) bind to regions called 'enhancers' that increase the rate of transcription. These sites may be thousands of nucleotides from the coding sequences or within an intron....
- Initiation. ...
- Elongation. ...
- Termination. ...
- Post-translation processing of the protein.
What protein increases the rate of transcription?
A large number of activator proteins have now been identified in higher and lower eukaryotes, which bind to the regulatory regions of protein-encoding genes and increase the rate at which they are transcribed by RNA polymerase II.
Are enhancers involved in increasing the rate of transcription?
Enhancers increase the rate of transcription of genes, while repressors decrease the rate of transcription.
Is DNA directly involved in transcription?
Protein synthesis is a two-step process that involves two main events called transcription and translation. In transcription, the DNA code is transcribed (copied) into mRNA. ... However, DNA is not directly involved in the translation process, instead mRNA is transcribed into a sequence of amino acids.
What event is indicative of transcription initiation?
What event is indicative of transcription initiation? Explanation: During the initiation of transcription, RNA polymerase and a group of transcription factors bind to the promoter for a given gene. This DNA segment signals the RNA polymerase where to begin creating the RNA strand.
What are the two main steps in gene expression?
It consists of two major steps: transcription and translation. Together, transcription and translation are known as gene expression. During the process of transcription, the information stored in a gene's DNA is passed to a similar molecule called RNA (ribonucleic acid) in the cell nucleus.
What triggers transcription?
Transcription begins when RNA polymerase binds to a promoter sequence near the beginning of a gene (directly or through helper proteins). RNA polymerase uses one of the DNA strands (the template strand) as a template to make a new, complementary RNA molecule. Transcription ends in a process called termination.
Is p53 a transcription factor?
p53 is a transcription factor that suppresses tumor growth through regulation of dozens of target genes with diverse biological functions.
What are the relative rates of transcription and translation?
What do the relative rates of transcription and translation mean for the overall time taken from transcription initiation to synthesized protein for a given gene? In bacteria, a one kb gene should take at maximal transcription rate about 1000 nt/80 nt/s ≈ 10s and translation elongation at maximal speed roughly the same.
Which is faster, transcription or translation in bacteria?
In bacteria, a one kb gene should take at maximal transcription rate about 1000 nt/80 nt/s ≈ 10s and translation elongation at maximal speed roughly the same. We note that the total time scale is the sum of an elongation time as above and the initiation time, which can be longer in some cases.
How are transcriptional enhancers and repressors related to each other?
Transcriptional repressors can bind to promoter or enhancer regions and block transcription. Like the transcriptional activators, repressors respond to external stimuli to prevent the binding of activating transcription factors.
How are transcription and translation of the same gene synchronize?
These stereotyped structures reflect the simultaneous transcription and translation of the same gene and raise the question of how the relative rates of the two processes compare making such synchronization of these two disparate processes possible.
